Working principle of pipe bending machine
By means of electricity, hydraulic pressure, air pressure and other principles, metal pipes are bent into various shapes. During operation, put the metal pipe into the bending machine head, manually or automatically rotate the bending machine head to the corresponding angle by operating the control button, and use hydraulic or air pressure to act on the mold on the workbench to bend the metal pipe. During the bending process, the pipe is squeezed and pulled by the mold and gradually deformed into the required shape.
Classification of pipe bending machine
CNC pipe bending machine: using servo motor instead of hydraulic drive, it can control the feed and retreat of the trolley, the rotation of the inclination angle and the bending of the elbow, etc. The action of pipe bending is mainly controlled accurately by computer digital control system. The required pipe bending parameters are first input into the CNC system, and then the system controls the motor, hydraulic system and other driving components according to these parameters, so that the pipe bending mold bends the pipe according to the set trajectory and requirements. There are also various sensors to monitor and feedback information in real time during the bending process to ensure the accuracy and quality of the pipe bending.
Hydraulic pipe bender: The working principle is to decompose the bending action, including hydraulic drive, clamping, unclamping, bending, back bending, auxiliary advance, auxiliary retreat, core advance, back core and other actions. It is usually composed of oil tank, pump station, circuit system and pipe bending device. By controlling the pressure and flow of the hydraulic system, the shape and angle of the bent pipe can be accurately controlled to achieve high-precision processing.
Electric pipe bender: Purely electric, driven by a motor, a transmission, and driven by a gear chain.
Pipe bender structure
Wheel die: It is a key component used in the pipe bender for bending pipes. When installing, remove the wheel die fixing nut in a counterclockwise direction, and then lock the nut after inserting the wheel die.
Clamp die: It is used to fix the pipe to prevent the pipe from moving during the bending process. When installing, first pull out the clamp die to fix the centering shaft, put the clamp die in, and then insert the fixed mandrel.
Guide die: It plays a guiding and auxiliary role in the bending process of the pipe. When installing, remove the guide die fixing screws, and lock the screws after inserting the guide die.
Mandrel: It mainly supports the inner wall of the bending radius of the conduit to prevent its deformation during the bending process. When installing, put the mandrel into the through rod in a clockwise direction and then fix it with the mandrel fixing screw.
Pipe bending machine operation process
Tube type regularization: When designing and arranging pipes, avoid excessive arcs, arbitrary curves, compound bends and arcs greater than 180°. Excessive arcs not only make the tooling bulky, but also are limited by the size of the pipe bending machine; arbitrary curves and compound bends are unreasonable in design and shape, which hinders mechanized and automated production; arcs greater than 180° make it impossible for the pipe bending machine to unload the mold.
Bending radius standardization: Try to achieve "one tube, one mold" and "multiple tubes, one mold". For a pipe, no matter how many bends and bending angles there are, there can only be one bending radius; pipes of the same diameter specification should try to use the same bending radius to reduce the number of modules.
Bending radius selection: The size of the bending radius of the conduit determines the size of the resistance encountered by the conduit during bending. Generally, the R value of the bending die is 2-3 times the diameter of the tube.
Bending speed control: If the speed is too fast, it is easy to cause the flatness of the bending part of the conduit, the roundness does not meet the requirements, and the conduit is torn or broken; if the speed is too slow, it is easy to cause the conduit to wrinkle and the pressing block to slip. The large diameter tube is easy to form the sinking of the conduit bending part. Generally, the bending speed of the conduit is determined to be 20%-40% of the maximum bending speed of the machine.
Mandrel and its position adjustment: The mandrel mainly supports the inner wall of the bending radius of the conduit to prevent its deformation during the bending process. The mandrel has the form of columnar mandrel, universal single, double, triple, quadruple ball head mandrel, directional single, multi-ball head mandrel, etc. Theoretically, the tangent of its position should be flush with the tangent of the bending die, but it has been proved by experiments that it is better to advance 1-2mm.
Application fields of pipe bending machines
Electric power construction: used for laying and installing power pipelines, bending pipes into the required shapes and angles to meet the needs of power transmission.
Road and railway construction: In the construction of railways and roads, pipe bending machines can be used to lay various pipes, such as drainage pipes, ventilation pipes, etc.
Bridge construction: Various pipes in bridge structures, such as prestressed pipes, drainage pipes, etc., need to be bent using pipe bending machines to ensure the installation accuracy and quality of the pipes.
Shipbuilding: Various piping systems inside ships, such as fuel pipes, seawater pipes, ventilation pipes, etc., all need to be bent into suitable shapes and angles by pipe bending machines to adapt to the structure and space requirements of the ship.
Furniture and decoration: In furniture manufacturing and interior decoration, pipe bending machines can be used to bend metal pipes to make furniture frames, decorative lines, etc.